Combined typewriting and computing machine



I. WALDHEIM.

COMBINED TYPEWIIIIINC AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2l, 1917.

' Patented Feb. 22, 1921.

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J. WALDHEIM.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

` APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21| |917.

' 1. WALDHEIM.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2|, 1911.

- control the denominational se UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE.

JOHN WALDHEIM, OF ELIZABETH, JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO UNDERWOOD COM- PUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N'.k Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING-AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

To all 'whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN WALDHEIM, a citizen -of the United States, residin in Elizabeth, in the county of Union and tate of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Typewriting and Computing Machines, of

. care automatically vof the spacing or grouping of the digits in numbers that are written and computed, so that the operative will notneed to think to write in the commas and decimal points. In the present improvements, this is accom lished by having one or more of the tabulating stops formed with a Series of tappets arranged at intervals from each other, to correspond to the Space occu* pied by each group of digits separated norv'mally by commas and decimal points.

Each of these tabulating stops has prefv erably two sets of tappets, and each stop is reversible on the carriage so that either set of tappets can be used. One set may be used `where dollars and cents are computed, and

lit is necessary to have two comma spaces and a decimal point space, and the other set may be used where ordinary numbers are com puted, and it is only necessary to have' two comma` spaces and no decimal point. The location of the special tabulating stop on the carriage determines when the tappets shall come'into play; and their position on o .the tappet determines at what letter-space interval they shall operate automatically the escapement mechanism of the typewriter carriage, to give a double letterfspace after space movement of the carriage.

with the particular spacing of the digits as4 picks which ections are shiftable, so as to come into play at` different space positions of the carriage. In this way they may be grouped together by spacers inserted between the desired groups.

typewritten. To do this, the

Provision is made for silencing the auto- Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22,1921.

Application led February 21, 1917. Serial No. 150,010.

matic control of eXtra space movements of the carriage when the computing mechanism 1s thrown out of action by the non-compute key,and..also when the platen is raised to upper-case position, as no digits are printed or computed when writing with upper-case characters.

in operative relationy with respect to the spacing tabulator stop.

Fig. 2 is a detailed view in front elevation of the extra spacing or skipping mechanism, showing the same just before entering a coinputing zone.

Fig. 3 is a skeleton perspective view showing the tabulating spacing stop after it has passed beyond a computing zone. l

Fig. 4 is a detailed View in the front elevation of the escapement mechanism showing the limiting member in a position to give but a single letter space movement of the carriage. This view shows the mechanism before any escap'ement action has taken place. y

Fig. 5 is a view of some of the parts shown in IF ig. 4 with the limiting member in the same position; except that the loose dog has left the escapement wheel to give a single letter space movement of the carriage fon the return of the rocker carrying the fixed and loose dogs.

Fig. 6 is a View of the parts shown in Fig. 5 with the rocker in the same position although the limiting memberhas been depressed to a position to give an eXtra letter Fig. 8 is 'a detailed perspective View of the tabulating stop which controls the automatic spacing of the carriage.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged vertical section from front to rear showing the denominational sehundreds.

Fig. 12 is a diagraniinfiatic view showing the spacing ofthe denominationall jack actions corresponding 'to decimal computing to give a space between millions and thousands, thousands and hundreds, and between dollars and cents.

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic front view of` the parts seen in Fig. 11.

Numeral keys 20 and alphabet keys 21 depress key levers 22, rock bell cranks 23, so as 4to swing type-bars 24 up rearwardly against the front` side of a platen 25. The platen is mounted to rotate on a carriage 26, which travels on ways 27 under the propulsion of aspring barrel 28. The traveling movement of the carriage is controlled step by step by an escapement mechanism 29, which includes a rack 30, pivotally mounted on the carriage 26 and engaging a pinion 3l. The pinion 31 is prevented from rotating by means of a pair of spring pressed pawls 32, which are pivoted on to an esca-pement wheel 33. The escapement wheel 33 is co'ntrolled in its intermittent movement by means of a. pair of dogs, one, 34, being fixed and the other, 35, being loose on a rocker 36.y

The rocker 36is connected `to be actuated by a universal frame 37 normally held in its` forward position by a spring 38. The universal frame 37 is provided with a universal arcuate bar 39, which, at the operation of any one of the alphabet or numeral keys 20, 21, is thrust rearwardly against the tension of the spring 38 by means of a heel 40 provided on each of the type-bars 24.

Normally, the escapement mechanism is in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 4, with the loose dog 35 in engagement'with 'one of the teeth ofthe escapement' wheel 33.

When, however, la key is actuated, the uni' versal frame 37 moves rearwardly forcing the loose dog 35 out of engagement with the escapement wheel 33, and before the latter can move any appreciable extent, brings the fixed dog 34 into engagement with the same tooth. n the meantime, the loose dog 35 swings about its pivot under the pull lof a spring 41. l

For ordinary actions of the type-keys, the

loose dog 35 will move a distance somewhat less than a one-tooth movement of the esltion bringing the loose dog 35 into engagement with the next tooth of the escapement wheel 33. inasmuch as the spring barrel 28 is stronger than the spring 41, the carriage will travel one letter-space, and the wheel 33 will rotate one-tooth space rocking the loose dog 35 and tensioning the spring 41 until the dog 35 comes into engagement with a stop 44 (Fig. 3) provided on the rocker 36.

ln addition to having letter-space move ments, the carriage 26 may have jump or tabulating movements. Briefly stated, the tabulating mechanism includes tabulating keys 46, which, when depressed, rock key levers 47 to raise plunger stops 48. These plunger stops are positioned at letter-space intervals from each other, and come into the path of carriage-carried tabulating stops 49. The stops 49 are adjustably mounted on a rack bar 50 carried by the carriage at letterspace intervals.- In order to disconnect the carriage from the escapement mechanism 29 at the time of tabulating, the plunger stops 48 are each provided with a notch 5l, which, when any one of the tabulating keys is actuated, rocks a universal lever 52'to draw down on a link 53, so as to rock a lever 54 carrying a 'roller 55. The roller 55 underlies the rack 30 and raises the same out of engagement with thepinion 31. vWhen the platen frame is obtained by a shift frame 60 115 aving a rail 6l engaging a roller 62 on thei platen frame 58. The shift frame 60 is rocked by means of eith'er lone of two shift keys 63, which have arms 64 engaging in y back of the shift frame 60. The mechanism thus far described is common to an ordinary Underwood typewriter, and has been set forth brieiy in order to bring out its relation to the invention.

In addition to performing typewriting actions, the numeral keys 2O effect a computin action which gives a combined typewriting and computing operation. To do this, the numeral keys 20 are provided with thrust links 65, which, when depressed, rock with racks 70 at their front ends, so as to drive the dial or computing wheels 71 to run up numbers corresponding to the numeral keys actuated. Inl the present instance, nine dial wheels are shown, Fig. 10. This enables, when-computing decimally, to compute millions, thousands, and hundreds of dollars and cents, and also enablesthe computing of as high as one hundred million without cents.

The denominational rack bars 69 are not normally Within the range ot' thesetting linkages 67. To bring them individually within the range of the setting linkages so as to effect a selection, there is provided on the carriage 26 a denominational selector 72. The denominational selector 72 when not in the computing zone, is in a depressed position, as seen in Fig. 9. When the'ca-rriage comes to a computing zone, the denominational selector 72 engages a roller 7 3 of a zone controller 74, so as to raise the selector 72 to the position shown in Fig. 1, where a tappet 75 thereon comes into engagemcnt with the right-hand one of a series of jacks 76. Each of the jacks 76, when rocked by the denominational selector 72, depresses a thrust link 77 so as to rock a bell crank 78. The bell cranks 78 engage transposition linkages 79 which raise the rack bars 69 one by one, to bring the pins 68 within the range of the setting linkages 67. The transposition linkages 79 are for the purpose of inverting the order of operation so that the denominational rack bars 69 will be operated beginning at the left, although the denominational selecting jacks 76 are operated beginning at the right.

In order to permit a. certain amount ofv movement of the jacks 76, the thrust links 77 are loosely fitted into sockets 80 provided in the jacks and held in these sockets by springs 81. y

If it should be desired not to compute at any particular time, the zone controller 74 can be thrown out of action, so that it will not bring the denominational selector into action. To do this, there is provided a noucompute key 82, which, when operated,

-thrusts rearwardly a bar 83,which rocks a bell crank 84, Fig. 3, the upper end` of which engages and rocks a cam arm 85 on a shaft 86. The shaft 86 has secured thereto 'the zone controller 74 and when thus rocked,

moves the zone controller from beneath the denominational selector 72 against the tension oi a spring 87 to the Fig. 9 position.

The zone controller is also adapted to be automatically thrown out of action and thus the computing mechanism thrown out ol' action when writing 11ppercase characters. For this purpose, theshift frame 60 is provided'with an armv 88 which has a roller 89 engaging an arcuate cam arm 90 provided on the rock shaft 86. Thus, when the shift frame is rocked to move the platen to up per-case position, the zone controller will be shifted out of action.l

The relation of the typewritin to the computing mechanism has beens own so that it will be readily seen how a combined vtypewriting and computing action can be obtained. In order to make the typewriting of the numbers easily legible, it is desiredk that the digits be Written in groups. Means is provided for doing this automatically, so

as to prevent erroneous computing and typewriting action by false operation of the machine.

In the present invention the grouping is .controlled automatically by skipping the typewriter carriage an extra letter space at t e proper points, so that the digits will be written in the proper grouping prede-v -groupings of the digits, Whichever set of tappets is in action, they come into `engagement one by one with a lug 92 provided on a bail 93 pivotally mounted at 94 on a swinging plate 95. The bail 93 isnormally held in its raised position by a spring 96.

.YVhen one of the tappets 91, however, comes into engagement with the lug 92, it depresses thev bail so as to 'forcedown a thrust link 97. The thrust link 97 is pivotally connected at its lower end to the limiting'member 42, previously described. The

limiting member 42 is normally in the posi-.

tion shown at Figs. 3, 4 andl 5, with a finger 98 in the path of a rearwardly projecting pin 99 on the loose dog 35. The finger 98 projects beyond the rest of the' limiting member 42, so as to stop the dog 35 at a point where it willv permit only a single tooth movement of the escapement wheel 33, and thus to a single letter-space movement of the carriage 26. lVhen, however, the said stop, bearing tappets 91, depresses the limiting member 42, it removes the finger 98 from the path of thepin 99, and brings an inner step 100 into the path of the 'dog 35. The step 100 is located at such a distance from the pivot of the member 42 and from the end of' the finger 98, as to catch the dog 35 at a point Where it will permit an added step of movement of the escapement wheel 33, and thus of the traveling carriage 26. That is to say, that when the limiting member 42 is depressed to the position ot' Fig. 6, it permits a two-tooth movement ofthe escapement wheel, and a two letter-space movement of the carriage.

To enable a. plurality of selections or groupings of the digits relatively to the pointing-oil` places by changing the position ofthe two letter-space movements of the carriage, there is provided an element which can be readily adjusted as to its position, and reversed to change the selections. As herein illustrated, the punctuation spacingcontrolling element is in the form of a reversible tabulating stop which can be set at any*V letter-space interval along the carriage.

he form of this stop, as shown in Figs. 3 and 8, consists of a body portion 101 bifur- .cated to engage on opposite sides of the rack- 50 and having extensions or bails 102 and 103 projecting in opposite directions and at right angles to the body portion 101. The extension 102 has two of the tappets 91 thereon adapted to eiiect two skipping movements of the typewriter carriage, such as is used for pointing ofi1 at thousands and millions in a nine-wheel totalizer. The eX- tension 103 has three of these tappets adapted to effect three of these skipping movements, for pointing oi at dollars, and thousands and millions of dollars. It will be noticed by bending the extensions 102 and 103 in opposite directions that whenthe stop is reversed in its position on the barv 50, the positions of the extensions are merely exchanged or reversed, so that by properly positioning the stop 101 along the bar 50, any given zone can have its digits grouped and spaced in either one'of the `two'ways provided for. Since the extensions 102 and 103 spring from the outer margins of the stop body 101 to clear the rack teeth, and are consequently narrow, they have their ends 104 and 105 turned inwardly or back toward the body 101, so as to engage between the teeth of the rack ;bar 5'0, thus giving rigidity to the extensions.

It is desirable to4 use the full capacity of the group of computing wheels 71. To enable this'to be4 done and at the same time provide that-there shall be a computing wheelselected for every digit typewritten, but that no wheel shall be skipped, the jacks 76 which are pivotally mounted on a rod 106 are also slidingly mounted'on this rod, so as to be adjustable in diiierent groups at letter-space intervals, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13. To separate the jacks 76 into these groups and maintain them in a given relati'on, there are provided a plurality of spacers 107 preferably three in number, corresponding to the maximum possible number of active tappets in any zone. The

spacers 107 are slidingly and pivotally mounted onta rod 108, and are each provided with a notched wedge 109 arranged to slip between the jacks 76 and engage the rod 106 on which the dogs are pivotally mounted. To permita change in the position of the spacers 107, the casing for the jack actions has a removable cover plate 110, which is pivoted at111, so as to swing from the position indicated at Fig. 1 to the dotted position indicated at Fig. 9. In the latter position the spacers 107l can be raised to a dotted line position shown at Fig. 9 and shifted endwise along the rod 108 to a new osition between two of the other jacks 76.

he two desired groupings of the jacks are shown in Figs. 12 and 13 corresponding respectively to the arrangement of tappets 91 on the extensions 103 and 102.

lVhen the computing mechanism is silenced as by movin the zone controller 74 to the position of Fig. 9, it is desirable to silence at the same time the skipping of the typewriter carriage, as it might be necessary to write in every letter-space in the range of the zone normally used as a computing zone. This might occur when the non-compute key 82 has been actuated, or when typewriting with upper-case characters. As both the non-compute key 82 and the case-shift mechanism act on the zone controller 74 through the intermediary of the shaft 86, this shaft may be used to also silence the space skipping mechanism. For this purpose, there is secured to the shaft 86 an arm 112 provided with a cam slot 113 engaging a pin 114 on an arm 115 secured to the rocking plate 95. The cam-113 is formed so that when the shaft 86 is rocked by either the non-compute key 82 or the case-shift mechanismit will swing the plate 95 forward about its pivotal axis 116, so as Ato move the bail 93 forward to carry the lug 92 out of the range of .the tappets 91 on the pecial skipping stop, as shown in Fig. 9.

nder 'these conditions, the carriage can travel withoutoperating either the computing mechanism or the space skipping mechanism, so that any ordinary typewrit-ing can be performed. The space skipping mechanism may be locked in its ineffective position by means of a pin 117 on the lever 83, engaging in a depressed portion 118 of a slot 119.

'Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination with a computing mechanism, of numeral keys for operating said computing mechanism, a traveling carriage connected to effect denominational selections in `said computing mechanism, a tabulating mechanism including denominational stops and column-stops, escapement mcchanismfor controlling movements ofsaid carriage, and a series of tappets on one of said stops connected to ef- .fect automatically extra step movements of part adapted to cause one kind of spacing and `reversible to' give an extra spacing atl a plurality of other points of the digits Written and computed.

3. The combination with computing mechanism, of a traveling carriage, denominational selecting mechanism for said computing mechanism controlled from said c arriage, esca pement mechanism for controlling step-by-step movements of said carriage, keys for operating both said computing mechanism and said escapement mechanism, means for selectively grouping the digits as written by said numeral keys by increasing the letter-space movements ot' said carriage at a pluralityy of points, and shiftable means for changing at, will the grouping of said l v denominational selecting mechanism, by in- 4. The combination with computing mech-` anism and a set of numeral-printing keys for computing therein, of a set of jack actions, computing wheels adapted to be selected by said actions, a traveling carriage, a denominational selector carried by said carriage into successive engagement with each of said ack actions to cause the wheels to be selected, shiftable means for varying the spacing of said jack actions as related to the denominational selector, so as to vary the letter-space at which said denominational selector operates certain of said jack actions, and means separately settable for determining at what letter-spaces said keys may be operable to print.

5. The combination with computing wheels, of driving and indexing mechanism for said computing wheels, a series of selecting jacks, linkages connecting said jacks with said driving and indexing mechanism, a traveling carriage, a denominational selector carried by said carriage into successive engagement with each of said jacks, said jacks being adjustable in step-by-step Athe direction of travel of said denominational selector, so as to vary the interval of travel of said denominational selector between successive actions of certain of said jacks, spacers for said jacks adjustable to maintain a y*ariable spacing of said jacks, printing keys, and means separately settable for determining at what letter-spaces said keys may be operable to print.

6. ,Thecombination with computing mechanism of denominational selecting jacks connected to said computing mechanism, a rod on which said,jacks are pivotally mounted for action and slidingly mounted for adjustment in groups, a second rod, and a plurality of spacers for said jacks pivotally and slidingly mounted on said second rod, so as to. maintain said jacks in various groupings selected.

7. The combination with computing mechanism, of denominational selecting mechanism for said computing mechanism, a carriage traveling to control said denominational selecting mechanism, keys adapted to print numeral and non-numeral characters, an escapement mechanism controlled by said keys'and controlling the movements of said carriage, said carriage having a regular step-by-step movement when typewriting non-numeral cliaractersiand a variable. irregular series'of movements when computing and typewriting with said numeral keys, and adjusting means for said denominational selecting mechanism for grouping the elements of said denominational selecting mechanism, to`correspond to the irregular traveling movements of said carriage.

S. The combination' with a series of computing wheels fixed as to their relative spacing, dbriving mechanism for said computing wheels, typewriting mechanism having a traveling carriage 'variable as to its movement so as to give different groupings of the digits as typewritten, and denominational selecting mechanism controlled from said carriage and controlling the driveof said fixedfcomputing wheels, said denominational selecting mechanism being adjustable as to its groupings to correspond with the different groupings of the digits as typewritten by said typevvriting mechanism.

9. The combination with computing wheels, of driving and indexing mechanism for said computing wheels, jacks for effecting denominational selections for said driving and indexing mechanism, thrust-links extending from said jacks to said driving and indexing mechanism, said jacks being pivotally mounted for action and slidino'ly mounted for adjustment, said links having a loose connection With said jacks to allow for a certain amount of movement therebetween, comprising sockets in said jacks into Which said links extend, and springs yieldingly holding said links in said sockets.

10. ln a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage, of an escapement mechanism for said carriage, a series of computing wheels, a denomination-selector for said wheels, connections whereby .sa-id escapement mechanism may feed said carriage single or double steps, tabulating mechanism for said carriage including a rack-bar and stops settable thereon, a bail forming an eX- tension of one of said stops adapted to cause said carriage to feed a double step at a plurality of points predetermined distances from the stop, an extension of said bail adapted to engage said rack-bar to steadyit, and connections whereby the selector may be effective to select adjacent wheels at the successive steps fed by the carriage.

1l. ln a computing machine, a register having dial wheels equally spaced, driving elements for said dial wheels, denominational elements for said driving elements, numeral-printing keys, a tabulating device for determining where the keys shall print, said device including'a rack-bar and stops settable thereon, an extension of one stop comprising a plurality of tappets adapted to successively effect a grouping of the printed numbers, and means for varying the grouping or" the denominational elements to conform to the grouping effected by said tappets while maintaining the grouping of the driving elements.

12. The combination with a traveling carriage and a rack thereon comprising teeth, of stops settable between said teeth, a bail comprising a stop also settable between said teeth, a plurality of tappets on said bail, an extension of the bail on the free end thereof adapted to enter between teeth on said rack to steady the bail, a second bail fast to said stop extending in the opposite direction from said first bail, so that by reversing said stop, the bails may have their' positions exchanged, and a second extension .on said second bail adapted to enter between teeth on said rack to steady that bail, said second bail comprising a plurality of differently distributed tappets.

13. The combination with a traveling carriage and a rack thereon comprising teeth, of stopsl settable between said teeth, a bail comprising a stop also settable between said teeth, a plurality of tappets on said bail, and an extension of the bail on the free end thereof adapted to enter between teeth on said rack to steady the bail.

14. In a computing machine, a register having dial wheels equally spaced, driving elements for said dial wheels, denominational elements for said driving elements, printing numeral keys, means for effecting different groupings of the printed numbers, and means for changing the grouping of said denominational elements while maintaining the grouping of said driving elements. p

l5. In a computing machine, a register having dial wheels equally spaced, driving elements for said dial wheels, denominational elements for said driving elements` numeral-printing keys, a tabulating device for determining where the keys shall print, said device including a rack-bar and stops settable thereon, a pair of extensions on one of said stops comprising two sets of differently grouped tappets, adapted to successively effect different groupings of the printed numbers, and means for varying the grouping of the denominational elements to conform to the grouping effected by said tappets while maintaining the grouping of the driving elements.

16. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage including a denomination-selector and numeral-printing keys, of a tabulating device including a rack-bar on said carriage, a bail settable on said rackbar comprising a plurality of tappets ada'pted to variably group the printed numbers, and a plurality of separatelysettable stops also mounted on said rack-bar adapted to cooperate with said tabulating device to position the carriage.

JOHN WALDHEIM.

Witnesses z' ARTHUR A. JOHNsON, EDITH B. LIBBEY. 

